Measurement, Modeling and Realization of Mono-static 3D UAV RCS for ISAC Channels
Authors:
Guangcheng Yu, Zhiqiang Yuan, Wei Fan
Abstract:
Realistic unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) radar cross section (RCS) profiles are essential for integrated
sensing and communication (ISAC) channel modeling, ensuring reliable prediction and evaluation of sensing
performance. Despite advancements in UAV RCS research, the limited experimental data and the unestablished
realistic UAV RCS model, particularly for 3D scenarios, have resulted in the unavailability of practical UAV
RCS profiles. This study focuses on modeling and realizing UAV RCS based on an 3D UAV RCS measurement.
First, we conduct mono-static 3D UAV RCS measurements in an anechoic chamber, covering a frequency band of
1.8 GHz to 18.2 GHz and azimuth angles of −90° to 90° (given the symmetry of the UAV) at three UAV
elevation angles {0°, 90°, 180°}. Next, the measured RCS data are fitted to three well-known
distributions: Rician, Gamma, and LogNormal. The analysis indicates that the Rician distribution is
recommended for modeling UAV RCS based on the fitting performance. Detailed distribution parameters are
provided for UAV RCS realization. Furthermore, a statistical evaluation of the UAV RCS based on the modeling
results is performed, providing insights for UAV sensing prediction and assessment. Finally, the validated
model is utilized to generate UAV RCS data, which exhibits a strong agreement with measured results. These
findings facilitate the advancement of ISAC channel research and practical applications.
